Last week the Pentagon announced "extremely generous" maternity and paternity leave policy changes making all branches equal with 12 weeks of paid leave for new mothers and 14 days of paid leave for new fathers. Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter said this puts the U.S. Military "in the very top tiers of American employers." With all the discussion on the radio and TV two things became apparent: Americans perspective on paid parental leave is horrible and many Civilians don't know how the Military Leave system works.
The military has two types of "time off." The first is called liberty. At the end of the normal work day and on weekends, liberty is normally granted by a superior. Liberty can be restricted for "minor" infractions but the vast majority of U.S. based Military personnel go home at the end of the day unless they are part of the group that has duty, must stand a watch or are deployed. These are the people who are ready to react to an emergency, perform security functions, direct forces in a Command and Control center, etc. In that situation, they don't go on liberty. In overseas areas liberty might just involve going to the gym, recreation space, eating or living space.
The second type of time off is called leave. Every Active Duty Military person received 2.5 days of paid leave each month. This equates to 30 days of paid leave a year. While this sound generous to many people the caveat is that when taking leave a Military person must take the weekends too. Most commands in the Military have policies and boundaries explaining when you must take leave and when you are just on liberty. For example a Navy ship may say that if you stay within 200 miles of the ship, you are on liberty, but if you go outside 200 miles or take a plane somewhere then you must take leave for the entire time until you return. This allows supervisors to know who is in a position to report for duty if something happens and the command must react. In that case you could end up using half of your leave for the Christmas Holiday alone by flying to see relatives.
Finally, the one thing the Military doesn't have is sick leave. As a result of on base medical personnel anyone feeling ill has to most often go to "sick call" in the morning where people are seen by medical personnel in the order they arrived. If a person is deemed too sick to perform their duties they are then places on "Sick in Quarters" (SIQ) status and go home for the specified about of time the doctor thinks you need. What that means is no waking up, calling in sick and getting back under the covers...
For many Military members, this leave system results in situations where depending on home life, family, deployment schedule etc. either have a lot of leave to use or have very little leave to use. If, for example, your extended family lives near where you work, then during the Holidays you may not need to take a lot of leave whereas someone who has to fly home would need to use leave. On the flip side, when SIQ the person doesn't need to take leave, so the system has its benefits and drawbacks, like most things in life.
Before last week the amount of time off an active duty mother had post birth was based on whether she had a Vaginal birth (6 weeks) or C-section (8 weeks). This "convalescent leave" was granted not for bonding time but for the mother to medically recover from the birth, which is good, but not great. 12 weeks across the board is a great step in the right direction but as a society Americans have ridiculously low expectations for paid Maternity leave, much less, Paternity leave. We must stop saying that family is the most important thing in life and then neglect to make policies that reflect our values. I am sure there are lots of valid arguments against greater paid parental leave, most deal with government intrusion into our lives and financial aspects, but I think it says a lot about our society when we don't let parents be parents, especially for those precious first months of life. There is no reason a wealthy nation like the United States can't afford to make an investment in the next generation!